Introduction 

Effective design heavily relies on readability, particularly in digital environments. Two important typographic factors that directly affect text readability are line height (also known as leading) and letter spacing (or tracking). Utilizing these elements correctly can greatly improve user experience, minimize eye strain, and maintain the engagement of visitors on your website or design project.

What Is Line Height? 

Line height denotes the vertical spacing between lines of text. It determines the distance from the baseline of one line to the baseline of the next line. When the line height is insufficient, the text seems cramped and hard to read. If there is excessive space, the text may come across as disjointed or uneven. The ideal line height establishes a pleasant reading flow and enhances overall clarity.

What Is Letter Spacing? 

Letter spacing modifies the horizontal distance between individual letters within a word or phrase. Increasing letter spacing can create a more open and readable appearance, particularly at smaller font sizes. On the other hand, decreasing letter spacing may make the text feel compact, but doing so excessively could compromise readability.

Why Are Line Height and Letter Spacing Important for Readability? 

These two characteristics work together to balance text density, helping to alleviate reader fatigue. Appropriate line height allows users to move from one line to the next without losing their position. Proper letter spacing prevents characters from merging or appearing too far apart, which is particularly vital for individuals with visual impairments or when viewed on smaller screens.